Lutetium

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Lutetium is a chemical element with the symbol Lu and atomic number 71. A metallic element, lutetium usually occurs in association with yttrium and is sometimes used in metal alloys and as a catalyst in various processes. A strict correlation between periodic table blocks and chemical series for neutral atoms would describe lutetium as a transition metal because it is in the d-block, but it is a lanthanide according to IUPAC.

 

General
Name, Symbol, Number lutetium, Lu, 71
Chemical series transition metals
Group, Period, Block n/a, 6, d
Appearance silvery white
Standard atomic weight 174.967(1) g·mol-1
Electrons per shell 2, 8, 18, 32, 9, 2
Physical properties
Phase solid
Density (near r.t.) 9.841 g·cm−3
Liquid density at m.p. 9.3 g·cm−3
Melting point 1925K
(1652°C, 3006°F)
Boiling point 3675K
(3402°C, 6156°F)
Heat of fusion ca. 22 kJ·mol-1
Heat of vaporization 414 kJ·mol-1
Heat capacity (25°C) 26.86 J·mol-1·K-1
Vapor pressure
P(Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k
at T(K) 1906 2103 2346 (2653) (3072) (3663)
Atomic properties
Crystal structure hexagonal
Oxidation states 3
(weakly basic oxide)
Electronegativity 1.27 (Pauling scale)
Ionization energies
(more)		 1st: 523.5 kJ·mol-1
2nd: 1340 kJ·mol-1
3rd: 2022.3 kJ·mol-1
Atomic radius 175 pm
Atomic radius (calc.) 217 pm
Covalent radius 160 pm
Miscellaneous
Magnetic ordering no data
Electrical resistivity (r.t.) (poly) 582 nΩ·m
Thermal conductivity (300K) 16.4 W·m-1·K-1
Thermal expansion (r.t.) (poly) 9.9 µm/(m·K)
Young's modulus 68.6 GPa
Shear modulus 27.2 GPa
Bulk modulus 47.6 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.261
Vickers hardness 1160 MPa
Brinell hardness 893 MPa
CAS registry number 7439-94-3

 

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